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Barium Enema
About this test
A barium enema, or lower gastrointestinal (GI) examination, is an
X-ray examination of the
large intestine 
(colon and rectum). The test is used to help diagnose diseases
and other problems that affect the large intestine. To make the intestine
visible on an X-ray picture, the colon is filled with a
contrast material containing barium. This is done by
pouring the contrast material through a tube inserted into the anus. The barium
blocks X-rays, causing the barium-filled colon to show up clearly on the X-ray
picture.
There are two types of barium enemas.
- In a
single-contrast study , the colon is filled with
barium, which outlines the intestine and reveals large
abnormalities.
- In a double-contrast or
air-contrast study , the colon is first filled with
barium and then the barium is drained out, leaving only a thin layer of barium
on the wall of the colon. The colon is then filled with air. This provides a
detailed view of the inner surface of the colon, making it easier to see
narrowed areas (strictures),
diverticula, or inflammation.
In some cases, the single-contrast study may be preferred for specific medical reasons or for older people who may not be able to tolerate the time-consuming and somewhat more uncomfortable double-contrast study. But if the results are not clear, a double-contrast study may also be done.
| By: | Healthwise Staff | Last Revised: April 25, 2011 |
| Medical Review: | Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine Jerome B. Simon, MD, FRCPC, FACP - Gastroenterology | |
© 1995-2011 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated. This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. How this information was developed to help you make better health decisions.
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