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Labor, Delivery, and Postpartum Period
- Topic Overview
-
Health Tools
- Labor and Delivery: Your Birthing Options
- When to Call a Doctor
- Early Labor
- Active Labor, First Stage
- Active Labor, Second Stage
- Third Stage, After the Baby is Born
- Post-Term Pregnancy
- After Childbirth
- Postpartum Recovery and Coping
- Other Places To Get Help
- Related Information
- References
- Credits
Citations
Hodnett ED, et al. (2007). Continuous support for women during childbirth. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3).
Cunningham FG, et al. (2005). Forceps delivery and vacuum extraction. In Williams Obstetrics, 22nd ed., pp. 547–563. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Cluett ER, Burns E (2009). Immersion in water in labour and birth. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2).
Cluett ER, et al. (2004). Randomised controlled trial of labouring in water compared with standard of augmentation for management of dystocia in first stage of labour. BMJ, 328(7435): 314–320.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2004, reaffirmed 2009). Management of postterm pregnancy. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 55. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 104(3): 639–646.
Smith CA, et al. (2006). Complementary and alternative therapies for pain management in labour. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4).
Gülmezoglu AM, et al. (2006). Induction of labour for improving birth outcomes for women at or beyond term. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4).
Eltzchig HK, et al. (2003). Regional anesthesia and analgesia for labor and delivery. New England Journal of Medicine, 348(4): 319–332.
Resnik R (2004). The puerperium. In RK Creasy, R Resnik, eds., Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Principles and Practice, 5th ed., pp. 165–168. Philadelphia: Saunders.
American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists (2003, reaffirmed 2009). Dystocia and augmentation of labor. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 49. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 102(6): 1445–1454.
American Academy of Pediatrics, Section on Breastfeeding (2005). Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics, 115(2): 496–506.
Beckmann MM, Garrett AJ (2006). Antenatal perineal massage for reducing perineal trauma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1).
Other Works Consulted
Kettle C, Tohill S (2008). Perineal care, search date April 2007. Online version of BMJ Clinical Evidence: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.
| By: | Healthwise Staff | Last Revised: January 7, 2010 |
| Medical Review: | Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine Sarah Marshall, MD - Family Medicine Kirtly Jones, MD - Obstetrics and Gynecology | |
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