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Preterm Labor - Cause
SYMPTOMS & TREATMENTS
Preterm labor can be caused by a problem involving the fetus, the mother, or both. Often a combination of several factors is responsible. But in about 1 out of 3 preterm births, the cause is not known.1
Causes of spontaneous preterm labor include:
- Being pregnant with more than one fetus. Women who are pregnant with more than one fetus have an increased risk of complications—both maternal and fetal—and typically deliver early. See the topic Multiple Pregnancy: Twins or More for more information.
- Infection, which can trigger uterine contractions and preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM). An infection that spreads to the uterus can release substances that make the uterus contract and can cause the amniotic sac to break early (pPROM). Some infections may begin in the vagina, such as bacterial vaginosis (BV), or in the urinary tract, such as a urinary tract infection. Infection of the gums or periodontal disease has also been linked to preterm birth.2
- Placenta abruptio, which is the early separation of the placenta from the uterus. For more information, see the topic Placenta Abruptio.
- The use of drugs such as cocaine or methamphetamine.
- Problems with the uterus or cervix, such as a weak, thin cervix; fibroid growth; or an abnormally shaped uterus.
| By: | Healthwise Staff | Last Revised: January 10, 2011 |
| Medical Review: | Sarah Marshall, MD - Family Medicine William Gilbert, MD - Maternal and Fetal Medicine | |
© 1995-2011 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated. This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. How this information was developed to help you make better health decisions.
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