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Rectal, Ear, Oral, and Axillary Temperature Comparison
To determine whether a fever is present, an accurate body temperature is needed. Medical research has not determined an exact correlation between oral, rectal, ear (tympanic), and armpit (axillary) temperature measurements. Generally, the correlation of temperature results are as follows:
- The average normal oral temperature is 98.6°F (37°C). An oral temperature is 0.5°F (0.3°C) to 1°F (0.6°C) lower than a rectal or ear (tympanic) temperature.
- A rectal temperature is 0.5°F (0.3°C) to 1°F (0.6°C) higher than an oral temperature.
- An ear (tympanic) temperature is 0.5°F (0.3°C) to 1°F (0.6°C) higher than an oral temperature.
- An armpit (axillary) temperature is usually 0.5°F (0.3°C) to 1°F (0.6°C) lower than an oral temperature.
It is important to remember:
- Rectal temperatures are generally thought to be the most accurate for checking a young child's temperature.
- The manufacturer of the temperature device you use, such as a tympanic thermometer, provides information on how to use it. Be sure to read and follow the instructions to obtain an accurate temperature. The information may also include how the results of the device correlate with the results from other methods of taking a temperature.
- Plastic strip thermometers have some uses, but they are not recommended for general home use. Unlike oral, rectal, and ear thermometers, plastic strip thermometers measure skin temperature, not body temperature.
When you talk with your doctor about your temperature, be sure to say what method was used to take the temperature.
Temperature comparison table
The temperature comparison table below will give you the range of temperature correlation with the different methods used to take a temperature. For information about taking accurate temperatures in infants and children, see the topic Body Temperature.
To use the table:
- Find the method that you used to take a temperature.
- Find the correct temperature range.
- Look for the temperature range of the other methods that correlates to the method you used.
- For example, in Fever, Age 11 and Younger: If your 2-year-old child's oral temperature is 101°F (38.3°C), his or her rectal or ear temperature may be about 102°F (38.9°C). Remember, a child has a fever when his or her temperature is 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, measured rectally.
- For example, in Fever, Age 12 and Older: If your axillary temperature is 100°F (37.8°C), your oral temperature is about 101°F (38.3°C).
| Axillary (°F) | Oral (°F) | Rectal/Ear (°F) |
|---|---|---|
98.4–99.3 | 99.5–99.9 | 100.4–101 |
99.4-101.1 | 100–101.5 | 101.1–102.4 |
101.2–102 | 101.6–102.4 | 102.5–103.5 |
102.1–103.1 | 102.5–103.5 | 103.6–104.6 |
103.2–104 | 103.6–104.6 | 104.7–105.6 |
| Axillary (°C) | Oral (°C) | Rectal/Ear (°C) |
|---|---|---|
36.9–37.4 | 37.5–37.7 | 38–38.3 |
37.5–38.4 | 37.8–38.5 | 38.4–39.1 |
38.5–38.9 | 38.6–39.1 | 39.2–39.7 |
39–39.5 | 39.2–39.7 | 39.8–40.3 |
39.6–40 | 39.8–40.3 | 40.4–40.9 |
| By: | Healthwise Staff | Last Revised: April 14, 2011 |
| Medical Review: | William H. Blahd, Jr., MD, FACEP - Emergency Medicine H. Michael O'Connor, MD - Emergency Medicine | |
© 1995-2011 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated. This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. How this information was developed to help you make better health decisions.
